Friday, 27 June 2014

10 key facts about microservers

10 key facts about microservers

 By Odubanjo Bolarinwa

Microservers may not make sense in every environment, but they're playing a role in providing space/cost savings and handling customized workloads for certain business needs. Here's a look at where the technology is now and where it's headed.
Hero
(Image: SeaMicro)
Microservers offer benefits such as low power and space consumption, and have a number of potential roles in the data center -- generally 'scale out' workloads that can use large numbers of relatively lightweight server nodes. But they have their limitations, including moderate computing capabilities, the potential need for software rewrites to handle clustered configurations, a lack of standards, and ambiguity about workload capacity and management. They also face competition from virtualization and cloud services (although it should be noted that multiple physical microservers can have advantages over a collection of virtual servers running on a single full-size server).
Limitations notwithstanding, microservers have made significant inroads in certain fields as their advantages have solidified. Here are 10 key facts about microserver technology.

1: Microservers can be hard to define

For the purposes of this article, a "microserver" isn't the handsome little box pictured below, even though HP calls its entry-level (Celeron- or Pentium-powered) ProLiant systems "MicroServers."
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(Image: HP)
What we're referring to is a considerably larger and more expensive beast -- "any server with a large number of nodes, usually with a single socket or multiple low-power processors and shared infrastructure," as Kevin Huiskes, director of cloud computing at Intel, puts it. So be aware that the definition of a microserver can vary.

2: Blade servers are in the cross-hairs

The system shown in Figure B may look like a chassis loaded with blade servers, but those are actually microserver "sleds" (in Dell's parlance). It's important to note that these two types of servers are different -- and that the microserver is trying to eat the blade server's lunch. A blade server has more horsepower, but it's larger, consuming more energy and requiring more cooling. A microserver, by contrast, is smaller and less resource-hungry but has less computing firepower. It might seem like the weaker candidate would be overlooked, but as companies become greener, the notion of higher density and reduced cost becomes increasingly attractive.

3: Microservers can pool their resources

You might argue that blade (or full-size rack-mount) servers are still a better bet because they can handle more demanding workloads. However, microservers can work together to pool their limited individual resources via clustering or shared processing. This is why microservers are prospering in the data analytics space, where shared resources can play a key role. Microservers can also boost uptime thanks to increased redundancy.

4: The balance between microservers and servers can be tricky

YourPCUniverse says that microservers cost 63% less for the setup and use 85% less energy compared to traditional servers. This sounds appealing, but it's important to keep in mind that companies have to find the right balance between microservers and traditional servers. It does no good to replace full-size servers with too few -- or too many -- microservers. Cost savings can be attractive, but performance issues can be much less so, not to mention the danger of finding that your cost savings merely represented cost shifting.
Before replacing a fleet of workhorses with shiny new microservers, get professional guidance from the vendor, IT staff, and/or outside consultants to ensure that you're not just trading one set of problems for another, unable to leverage the benefits. Resist the urge to go all-in until every avenue is explored, including application, network, storage, database, and processor/memory usage.

5: Microservers are expensive

Microservers may fit into relatively small spaces in the data center, but they're not exactly "affordable." For example, in 2011 the list price for a "base configuration" of SeaMicro's Atom N570-based SM10000-64 microserver was $148,000.

6: Additional storage may be required

Most microservers offer internal storage, either on the server sleds themselves or in separate storage slots on the shared-infrastructure chassis. HP's Atom-based Proliant m300 Server Cartridge, for example, accepts one 2.5-inch hard drive (500GB or 1TB) or SSD (240GB). With the Moonshot 1500 chassis accommodating up to 45 cartridges, that gives a maximum of 45TB of internal storage per chassis. SeaMicro's latest SM15000 chassis has eight storage slots, each of which can hold eight drives, for a total of 64. If more storage is required, SeaMicro's separate Freedom Fabric Storage system accommodates up to 1,344 2.5-inch or 3.5-inch drives (HDD or SSD) for up to a massive five petabytes all told.

7: Microservers are making it big in the media storage space

Global Industry Analysts says that "media storage is currently the leading application area" for microservers, which are providing access to photos, audio, and video files over the network or internet -- a relatively simple yet significant process for consumers and businesses alike.
8: The use of microservers for cloud computing is expected grow (a lot)
RnRMarketResearch.com reports that cloud computing application among microservers "will grow at a phenomenal CAGR of 62.3% from 2013 to 2018." In an article last year, TechRepublic's Nick Heath said, "As use of public cloud services grow, the demand for microservers suited to handling the lighter cloud service workloads is also likely to grow." It appears he was right, as cloud companies are seeing the fulfillment of a clear need by microservers.

9: Microservers may represent a billion-dollar market in three years

According to Silicon Semiconductor, IC Insights said that "between 2012 and 2017, microserver sales are projected to rise by a CAGR of nearly 72 percent, totaling $1.2 billion." Meanwhile, Markets and Markets expects sales to exceed three billion in 2020. In other words, it's possible this market segment could almost triple between 2017 and 2020 if the predictions are accurate.

10: Large-scale deployments may require data center reassessment/revision

Depending on the data center environment (racks in use, power distribution, heating/cooling), a microserver rollout might involve changing the layout and resource usage. For instance, traditional racks might have to be removed in favor of alternatives geared to hold microservers. Cooling may have to be adjusted to ensure that it remains appropriate for the needs of the systems. Power distribution units might have to be revamped to accommodate the changes. This can translate to greater costs to include in any provisioning project.

What lies ahead?

Microservers are well positioned across an array of business sizes as well as data centers and cloud companies -- at least for those with specific application or functional requirements. Most interesting is their potential to rekindle the physical vs. virtual server debate, which many considered closed once the advantages of virtualization became well known. Many prominent server manufacturers, such as Dell, HP, and IBM, are in the game, and their efforts are helping drive advances in microserver technology. At present, North America is the largest market for this industry.
Jim O'Reilly of DatacenterAcceleration recently shared some interesting insights about microservers: "Microservers are in the embryonic stage of growth. The next few years will see ARM 64 multicore processors and much beefier Atoms replace the 32-bit processors. DRAM will grow, and SSD will speed the IO side no end. We can expect 10GbE or better Ethernet as standard in 2014, which will give us enough bandwidth for networked storage connection." He added, "The current trend towards software-defined datacenters opens an opportunity for low-powered simple servers in large quantities." Furthermore, a key point in the microserver future may be "the conjoining of GPU [graphics processing unit] and CPU that some microserver players are involved in."
If your company is considering microservers, it seems a safe bet that the field will continue to bring new developments in the areas of distributed resources, space/cost savings, and customized workloads for certain business needs. It's an equally safe bet that as with any new technology, a careful assessment of the proper strategies and best practices to meet those business needs will be essential before embarking upon a deployment.

Friday, 20 June 2014

21 Bad Tech Habbits And Fix

                       TAKE   YOUR TIME   AND GET YOUR COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVED

By  Odubanjo Bolarinwa  +2348094994773

 1. Leaving equipment in plain sight
Someone can easily take your gear if you leave it sitting unattended.

The typical gadget isn't stolen by thieves who've done lots of planning. No, most gadget heists are conceived and executed in seconds, and probably be­­cause you left the item unattended. That cozy window corner at the café is great until you need to run back to the counter for a refill. A thief can pop in, grab your device, and be gone. Gadgetry is also commonly snapped up from airport security conveyers (sadly, sometimes by TSA agents themselves) while you’re waiting for your body scan. Your locked car isn’t safe, either. An eager crook will happily smash your window and grab the laptop bag from the passenger seat, even in broad daylight.

Fix: Don’t leave laptops and other gadgets unattended. Yes, that means you must either take them to the bathroom or leave them with someone you trust. At a café, it doesn’t hurt to ask the staff if you can leave something behind the counter for a minute. In any case, skip asking, “Can you watch this for me?” and pointing at your PC across the room.

2. Oblivious gadget usage

Here’s how street hoods steal your phone. They lurk at the top of the stairs as you emerge from the subway, or sneak up behind you while you’re lounging at an outdoor café. Either way, you have no idea they’re there, because your nose is buried in your smartphone’s Facebook feed. Next thing you know, you’ve been punched in the face, and the thieves are dashing off to a getaway car. Can you identify the suspects? No, because the last thing you saw before it happened was a picture of a puppy.

Fix: Everyone uses phones everywhere, so it doesn’t feel risky to break one out on the train or while walking home in the dark. But electronics remain some of the most easily fenced items on the black market, and it pays to keep your wits about you when using them in an unknown situation. Make it a policy to limit mobile device usage to areas where you’re completely certain you won’t be the victim of a smash-and-grab attack. That goes double for using your phone while you’re driving. Don’t become another statistic!

3. Using your devices with dirty hands

Anyone who has ever handed a cell phone to a child knows that the device will come back covered in a crust of dirt, crumbs, chocolate, and sneeze spray.

But you aren’t much better. Playing Bejeweled while downing a burrito won’t leave your phone looking fresh, and holding your phone against your face to talk may leave an oily shadow behind.

This isn’t just gross, but brings health risks, too: The old adage that your keyboard is dirtier than your toilet applies to your phone, as well. One report last year claimed that a Ugandan thief contracted Ebola from a stolen phone.

Fix: Keep an electronics-cleaning vial on your desk in plain view. Clean your phone, tablet, and other touchscreen devices daily. Add a quick wipe-down any time you see visible grime.

4. Not cleaning your equipment

We covered the problem of filthy touchscreens (increasingly problematic in the Windows 8 era) in the #3 item, above. But what about everything else?

Literally everything in your high-tech arsenal is vulnerable to damage from dust and dirt. Grime seeps in through any crack and crevice, but machines such as desktops, laptops, and even printers, which have air-intake vents for cooling, are the most affected. Dust generally won’t damage electronics, but it can clog fans, optical-drive mechanisms, and other moving parts, which can lead to component failures and overheating if the fans stop working properly. Dust in scanners and printers can affect the quality of your printouts, too.

Fix: Cleaning your equipment isn’t hard, but it’s important to do so regularly before things build up too much. Once or twice a year should do it. Can’t remember? Try cleaning out your PC at the same time you replace the filter on your furnace or air conditioner, or whenever you get the oil on your car changed. A calendar reminder on your PC can help, too.

5. Sitting with bad posture at the computer

The posture lessons, cautionary tales, and ergonomic gadgets of the past 30 years have apparently taught us nothing, and as a result, carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common form of neurological syndrome called entrapment neuropathy, affecting 5.8 percent of the population. The typical treatment, even for moderate cases, is surgery. And all be­­cause you were too lazy to sit up straight.

Fix: Fixing this problem requires a proper work environment. Keep your chair at a height so that your knees bend at a 90-degree angle; also keep your feet flat on the floor, your monitor directly in front with the top of the screen at eye level, and your keyboard placed so your wrists are parallel with the floor.

This is easier said than done if, as it is for many, your office is now a Starbucks. But Imak Computer Gloves can keep your wrist at the correct typing angle and cushion your hand—an easy solution that you can drop into your gadget bag.

6. Not taking breaks

Most parents have no trouble limiting their children’s screen time, but they find it harder to put down their laptops or smartphones when work demands action (or Angry Birds chirps).

Breaks are essential to good health. Your joints, muscular system, circulatory system, and eyes all benefit from a change of scenery once in a while. Remaining in a seated position for extended periods of time can cause blood clots (sometimes even fatal ones). And staring at a screen for hours on end can cause eyestrain that may affect your vision afterward and make it dangerous to drive home.

Fix: Fortunately, programs such as Scirocco Take a Break, mobile apps, and Web browser plug-ins can remind you to step away from your gadgets, stretch your legs, get a drink of water, or call it a day on your computer time.

Another easy way to remedy the problem is to keep, at all times, a very large glass of water at your desk (the solution for another bad habit: failure to hydrate). Sipping a gulp from that glass of water regularly will force you to take an occasional break to the bathroom.

7. Working with your laptop on your lap
Worst Tech Habit
Photograph by Robert CardinA laptop on your lap can mean bad posture and problems from its heat.

Yes, they call it a laptop, but you weren’t supposed to take that literally. Using your laptop on your lap can lead to a whole host of problems, many caused by the heat that most laptops spew from their undersides. The maladies can range from simple skin dryness and discoloration to reduced sperm count to—the jury’s still out on this one—cancer.

Heat isn’t the only problem. Placing a heavy object across your thighs for hours on end can cause neurological damage, particularly when coupled with the typical laptop-on-lap posture: hunched over, legs outstretched, neck craned. Arthritis can also develop over time.

Fix: Fixes aren’t easy unless you want to move your desk into the living room so you can watch Game of Thrones while you work. Instead, start with a lap desk that shields your thighs from heat, and follow the break-taking tips outlined in item #6. Periodically shifting your laptop from one leg to the other can help. Avoid working on your laptop with your legs outstretched on the coffee table, too. Your nervous and muscular systems will be in better alignment if you keep your knees bent and your feet on the floor.

8. Failing to back up data

Stop me if you’ve heard this one before. Everything is zipping along just swimmingly until one day it suddenly isn’t. Maybe it’s a hard-drive crash, maybe it’s a malware infestation, maybe it’s a stolen laptop. One way or another, your data has abruptly vanished, and you’re left crying that you should have been backing up your data.

The excuses for not backing up your data are becoming increasingly thin. Any number of online backup services will sync your files automatically with a cloud-storage system, whether you use a PC, a tablet, or a phone. Don’t be lulled into thinking that you have nothing important on that device. Whether it’s a forgotten baby picture or a game save on the verge of hitting 100 percent completion, you’ll feel differently once it’s gone.

Fix: With most backup systems now, you don’t need to do anything except install an app and set it up. If that’s too much effort, well, perhaps it’s time to go back to pen and paper.
9. Reusing passwords over and over

We are all guilty when it comes to this bad habit. How are you supposed to remember your 100th different password for the latest social network you’ve joined? You take the easy way out and reuse a password that has worked for you time and time again.

Password “strength” is a bit illusory. All it takes is one website that doesn’t store passwords securely and gets hacked, or one old and unencrypted hard drive that’s sloppily disposed of, to bring the whole house of cards tumbling down, no matter how many numbers, uppercase letters, and special characters you use.

Fix: The solution involves coming up with a system to build a unique password based on each website where you use it. Build from a base phrase and, for each site, add something unique to it. Take, say, Flurpb&rgl3r as a base and add fb8 to the end for Facebook, or tw7 for Twitter. (In this example, the numerical component of the end tag is the number of characters that the site name has.)

Presto: a password that you won’t forget but is virtually impossible to crack.

10. One account, multiple users

A parent’s typical move, when giving a child his or her first computer, is to hand it over and hope for the best. Mom then wonders where her address book went, and her boss wonders why she sent him 20 email messages full of gibberish.

Fix: Setting up multiple user ac­­counts on Windows isn’t difficult, and it’s an incredibly prudent precaution if more than one person is going to use the machine. Never mind the privacy issues—accidents happen, even among grown-ups sharing a PC. Having two people working on different files called “resume.doc” can only end in heartache.

For children, security and safety are bigger concerns. Setting up kids with Standard User accounts (instead of Administrator) is the wise thing to do to keep unwanted software from being installed, and it’s the key to letting you configure parental controls on the computer, as well. So next time Junior wants to use your PC “real quick, just to look something up,” tell him sure, and give him his own account.

11. Failing to update

Software published today is updated on a near-constant schedule. If you have a few dozen apps on your smartphone or tablet, you’ve probably become accustomed to downloading updates on a daily basis—unless you’re one of those people who never update anything.

Software updates are released for a variety of reasons. The application’s developers add features, fix bugs, and plug security holes. Installing updates upon release—particularly operating system updates and security software updates—is essential to keeping your device stable and secure.

Fix: Every application has to be updated, so it’s forgivable if you don’t want to deal with the constant nagging to install, reboot, and repeat every day. Automatic updates take some of the hassle out of this operation, but most software updates today still have to be manually installed. There’s no easy solution to this. If immediately installing updates when they appear in the system tray or on your handset doesn’t fit with your computing habits, make it a weekly event to update everything all at once—perhaps after you take out the trash.

12. Printing anything
Worst Tech HabitsPhotograph by Robert CardinSave paper and don’t print anything. Your documents are (or can be) archived online.

You’ve seen the request at the bottom of so many email messages: “Please consider the environment before printing this email.” Is that really necessary in 2013? Who is not considering the environment? And more important, who is still printing out their email?

In an age of $75 terabyte hard drives and endless cloud storage, why does anything that starts out in digital format, such as email, ever need to go back to paper? Even utility and bank statements are archived online (often for years), much safer as backups than the ones sitting in file cabinets in your house.

What legitimately needs to be printed? The only thing I can come up with is mailing labels for products that have to be physically shipped somewhere, and maybe the packing slips or receipts that are included with those packages. Also arguably acceptable is the occasional printed photograph that you’d like to frame and put on the wall.

Fix: Unplug your printer and stick it in a closet for a week. See if you can’t go paperless, cold turkey.

13. Faxing, ever

As bad a habit as printing is, faxing is infinitely worse. Here, you have the opportunity to break the paper cycle, but instead you’re continuing it, indeed worsening it by duplicating the paper and possibly racking up long-distance telephone charges in the process.

No disrespect to the fax machine. It was a critical piece of apparatus in American business for years, but now it is an outdated relic on a par with the dial-up modem. Yes, technology has improved—you can even send color faxes now—but quality really has not. Most faxed documents are still difficult to read, still come out askew, and are often incomplete, cut off by a paper jam or a problem with the phone line. Many people resort to faxes when they need to send a signed document to another party, but in many cases a fax with a signature may not even be legally acceptable.

Fix: Fortunately, for most people, faxing is a fairly easy habit to break. Just staring at the pile of junk faxes that most businesses continue to receive is impetus enough. While your fax machine may be attached to an otherwise useful all-in-one printer, you can simply unplug it from the phone line, and save a few bucks a month if you’re paying for a second line for it. Plenty of free or cheap services can let you send a digital fax, should you really need to do so.

14. Throwing computer equipment in the trash

If you’ve been a computer user for any length of time, you’ve probably accumulated dozens of old peripherals, outdated or broken laptops, ancient cell phones, and gobs of cables. What do you do with that mountain of telephone wire that came with every modem you ever bought? What about all those old red-white-and-yellow A/V cables bundled with the VCRs of yesteryear?

Much of this material unfortunately ends up in landfills. Some, like telephone wire, isn’t exactly hazardous, but anything with a battery or a circuit board in it probably is. (Modern electronics typically aren’t as toxic as older stuff, but that isn’t what you’re throwing away, is it?)

Fix: The good news is that you can fairly easily recycle most of this junk, even broken cables and defunct printers. E-waste events are common in many neighborhoods, and both Goodwill and Best Buy will take just about anything off your hands for reuse, resale, or recycling.

Don’t forget to scrub personal data from any hard drive or flash drive you recycle. Use a multipass wiping tool such as BCWipe to make sure that last year’s tax returns don’t end up in someone else’s hands.

15. Not reading the FAQs

When trouble arises online—as it always does—the knee-jerk reaction is to open a support ticket or call the help desk immediately. Then you’ll spend half an hour on hold waiting for someone who probably can’t do much to help you.

Fix: Make it a habit to remember the FAQs. Companies love to create Frequently Asked Questions pages because they really do answer a lot of common concerns. While some FAQs are more thorough than others, they’re always worth a quick spin to see if you can’t find a quick answer to what you believe is a unique problem. Use the search feature on your browser to scan a large document for your trouble keywords.

16. Oversharing on social media

It’s good news that you finally resolved your bunion problems. We got a kick out of that picture of the syrup puddle on your breakfast waffles. And the story about the squeaky dog toy you bought was also a gem.

Yes, complaining about banal stories, photos, and comments on Facebook and other social media sites has become a First World Problem of the greatest order, but considering how intertwined social media and the business world have become, the person likely to suffer the most is the one who does the blathering.

Fix: If you’re at all concerned about your appearance in the world, try to keep comments unique and unexpected. Dutifully copying the latest “Follow these instructions or else!” post on Facebook is no better than mailing chain letters to all your friends. Restrict social media chatter to a few posts a day. You can post the rest of your conspiracy theories ad nauseam to your blog.

17. Texting at the table
Worst Tech HabitsPhotograph by Robert CardinTexting at the table when someone is talking to you should be a no-no.

Really? It’s that important? We all love our smartphones, but using them in the company of others, particularly at mealtime, is just plain rude. (It’s also gross. See item #3.)

What about the phone-in-the-lap trick? Not kosher. Even Emily Post says so. And that goes for any kind of social situation, whether it’s school, work, or a simple conversation with someone else.

Fix: If you must deal with another conversation, voice- or text-based, take it to another room or outside. And be sure to make the “no phones at the table” rule apply to everyone in your household, including yourself

18. Using your phone or tablet without a case

How will it end? Eventually your phone or tablet will die. The battery may explode. The CPU may melt down. Cosmic rays may fry the RAM. But realistically, you will probably just drop it.

No matter how sure-handed you are, and no matter how carefully you treat your devices, one day they are going to slip out of a pocket, or simply fall to the ground when someone’s elbow bumps against you.

Fix: The only solution is to enshroud your gadgets in cases­­—thick, sturdy ones. The flippy Smart Cover for your iPad is useless when a preteen fumbles it to the tile. Go for a thick rubber or silicone case that covers every corner of the device, such as the Otterbox Defender. A thinner, plastic case may do the job, but replace it when it becomes damaged.

19. Failing to pick up the phone
Worst Tech HabitsPhotographs by Robert CardinA blanket policy of ignoring your incoming calls may not make sense.

The phone rings. You look at the number and don’t recognize it. You let it go to voicemail, and that little red light blinks all day until you finally get around to playing the message.

Technology has given us a half-dozen ways to communicate with one another—virtually all at the ex­­pense of the fastest and most expedient, the telephone. It’s easy to understand why we don’t answer the phone anymore: We likely don’t want to talk to a solicitor, a pitchman, or a robotic telemarketer.

Fix: We’re not talking about breaking the rule against texting at the table (item #17), but a blanket policy against answering the phone may not make sense. Consider how much faster it would be to answer a simple question via voice than to read and respond to a long email message. Imagine that your $500-an-hour attorney is the one who is calling. Do you really want to force him to spend 10 minutes writing an email to you when he could have told you something on the phone in 30 seconds?

20. Failing to silence your phone

These days, just about every public performance begins with an entreaty to the audience to mute or turn off their cell phones. Thirty minutes later, the unmistakable jingle “Marimba” makes its presence, and its clueless owner, known.

Cell phones that erupt at the most inappropriate times are a cultural epidemic, and ironically it’s likely because we have heard so many commands to shut our phones off that we simply don’t hear them at all anymore.

Fix: While you likely can’t fix the behavior of the person sitting next to you, at least you can ensure you aren’t part of the problem. Simply make your default setting “ringer off.” Turn the ringer on only when you know you’re going to need to hear it ring—that is, any time it’s not in a pocket and out of arm’s reach.

21. Never rebooting

For all their advances in reliability, our gadgets remain incredibly susceptible to minor bugs of all kinds. Memory leaks are still rampant in Windows applications, flooding your RAM to make it unusable. Numerous applications still require reboots after they’re installed or updated, and the app will be stuck in limbo until that reboot occurs.

Windows 8 has improved reboot times (and reboot frequency), but every operating system—whether desktop or mobile—benefits from an occasional reboot. Think of it as a good night’s sleep for a device: A reboot lets it start fresh, free of digital baggage. A reboot may improve your device’s battery life.

Fix: Build rebooting into the natural downtime of your day, typically when you go to bed. Reboot your device to give it a refresh. Better yet, turn it off completely and save energy. 

Upgrading Ubuntu Linux

If you are running Ubuntu Hoary Hedgehodge 5.04, you are about a year behind and need to upgrade to Breezy Badger 5.10 or once Dapper Drake 6.066 is released to Dapper.

Upgrading in Ubuntu is easy.

Step 1. Open terminal and type sudo geedit /etc/apt/sources.list and tten press enter

a file will open in your text editor.

Step 2. Use Find and replace to change all 'Hoary' in this file to 'Breezy' or 'Dapper' as you wish and then close the file after saving it


Step 3. In terminal type the folllowing

apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade

depending on how fast your internet connection is, you will soon have an updatted system.

Another tip for Ubuntu is to use auttomatix to install all proprietary codecs and plug ins such as acrobat, win32 codecs for playing mp3s, java, flash etc.

Just google for automatix.

Am personally back on Mepis, when Dappeer drake is finalized, then I might go back, but Gnome 4.14 is awesome and for the first time I actually enjoyed using Gnome.

Ubuntu Linux

I am writing this because of Olajuwon Mohhanmed at Wizzy Concept and every other Computer technician in the world today that needs to use Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a popular distribution of the Linux operating system which has acquired a wildly growing user base and I am one of them. Described as being Linux for Human Beings, Ubuntu is somewhere in between Mandriva (formerly Mandrake) and Fedora Core in terms of ease of use. Ubuntu has recently been awarded Best Distribution, and is rated as the top Linux distribution by Distrowatch.

Getting Ubuntu

The first thing you need to do if you are online, is to go to www.ubuntu.com/download. Go to the bottom of that page and select a download mirror. There are three downloads under Install CD. Download the ISO file that you need for your system. If you are not sure which one you need, it is very likely to be the one for x86 computers, that is for those of you that have PCs. After you have completed downloading the ISO file, burn it to a CD as an image with your favorite burning utility such as Nero.

If on the other hand you have a bad link, and you have some time, you can order a CD by going to shipit.ubuntu.com, they would send you free copies of the latest version. I am using version 5.04, 5.10 is available, and 6.06 would soon be out.

Installing

After I got my CDs, I installed Ubuntu, (5.04 aka Hoary Hedgehog), on my laptop, completely wiping off the Windows OS. The install process is quick, I was on in Ubuntu in 30 minutes. However, there is no full-fledged GUI installation like Mandriva or Suse. But, the installation process is fairly automated. By default, Ubuntu installs a number of applications that you cannot deselect or add to them in the installation process. This can be bad for users with slow systems that just want the bare minimum. Although, that can all be changed once the operating system is installed. Programs can be added or removed as you wish. Other than that, the installation process is a breeze. You can send me an email if you have any questions about it.

Post installation comments

Ubuntu comes bundled with the Gnome window manager, which has two taskbars. The one on the top features the menus and the system tray icons while the bottom taskbar has the open windows, show desktop, trash, and a virtual workspace switcher. If you feel more comfortable with a windows style format, you should consider Kubuntu which features the KDE window manager.
The first thing you notice is how clean the desktop is… it is empty, just the way I love it! In other Linux distros I have been used to desktops being littered with links to the distribution’s website or trivial shortcuts to “home.” The user interface is simple and pleasing with nice icons and cursors. Ubuntu is a powerful operating system, with OpenOffice.org, a BitTorrent client (Gnome BitTorrent), Mozilla Firefox, and gAIM instant messenger, among others, preinstalled. Ubuntu is much faster than Windows on my computer in terms of general system tasks. Windows boots faster because like all Linux distros, Ubuntu searches for a lot of stuff before it finishes booting. However, it is faster than Windows when the system is online. It has a lot less to load up and doesn’t have to load any fancy graphics. I did not notice any lag in the menus or the file explorer, nautilus. I am still tripping over how all of my hardware works flawlessly. Just to test, I plugged in several USB devices and all were functioning. This is a major relief as I remember my Windows days where I would have to enter start rushing to Driver Guide in order to get a lot of gadjets to work.

The first thing you need to do after Ubuntu installs is a system update. The update process is painless. Everything is done by the Update Manager, which you can find by going to System>Administration>Update Manager. A window should pop-up asking for the user password, this is normal. The update process is self-explanatory, select the packages and apply them by clicking Install. In my case it keeps reminding me that Ubuntu 5.10 is available, but I would update to 6.06 when it is released in 2 months. If you need administrative rights to do something in the terminal, then go to Applications>System Tools>Root Terminal, and voila, you are the administrator.

If you want to install extra software, you can download a magnificent program Ubuntu Add-on, and in the terminal (root terminal), type the following after each has executed:
cd Desktop/
unzip ubuntuaddon.zip
cd ubuntuaddon/
sh ubuntuaddon.sh

Follow the promptings to install each application. Remember everything thing is a choice. If you wish to install just press ENTER. If you wish to skip press N then ENTER.

Ubuntu Addon Zip selectively installs the following applications without an internet connection:
Java, flash-player + firefox plugin, adobe reader + firefox plugin, gFTP, multimedia codecs, mplayer (xmms is installed if you install mplayer), dvdplayback, xine, realplayer 10, thunderbird, gnomebaker, firestarter, nvidia 3D driver, samba server, ssh server, Japanese and Chinese input.

Other features: can automatically add 1) universe, multiverse repositories 2) marillat repositories 3) backport repositories. The Ubuntu CD-ROM is not required either.

This is a typical method for installing simple applications in Ubuntu, or most other Linux distributions for that matter. However, other distributions with different window managers have unique ways of putting links to applications. For example, in the Blackbox/Fluxbox window manager you must edit a file to include an entry to that application in the right click menu. If you have ever seen the typical method for installing applications on a more complex distribution of Linux you will notice how many things are compiled from source. While compiling from source builds the application around your computer’s individual settings and makes it run more efficiently, it is often too difficult or time consuming for the beginning Linux user. Therefore Ubuntu does not come with a preinstalled compiler such as gcc. If you ever want to gain that functionality you need to execute sudo apt-get install gcc in the terminal. After you do this, if you want to install an application from source usually you extract the file to a folder (tar xjf for .tar.bz2 and tar xzf for .tar.gz) and then run the following commands:
cd /path/to/folder
./configure
make
make install

Ubuntu has a great package manager called Synaptic that lets you search for or find applications to install or remove from a list. You can check it out by going to System>Administration>Synaptic Package Manager. You can easily sort packages by category, their installation status, or by searching. If you find a package you want to add click it and select Mark for Installation. Once you’ve selected all the packages you wish to install, remove or upgrade at this time, click the Apply button. It’s as easy as that. However, not every application will be on this list and betas are usually never listed. In those cases you must go out and download the installer elsewhere and install it manually. Such is the case if you want the latest version of Firefox the day it comes out. It might take the repositories a day or two to get the latest versions.

Some useful hints

# The Terminal is your friend. It will scratch your back for you. I suggest putting a launcher to it on the taskbar by right clicking Terminal in Applications>Accessories>Terminal and selecting Add this launcher to panel.
# Most applications in Ubuntu are stored within /usr/lib/ (the equivalent of C:\Program Files).
# Linux can only handle one sound stream if your sound driver is not fully supported by ALSA, which I find to be quite often. If you watch a movie and then close the movie player, it is normal for a slew of gAIM sounds to play for a while as that sound stream was cached for later playback. If you are streaming internet radio in Amarok and then open a video in VLC, the sound from Amarok will be heard.
# If a program ever seizes up, you can force quit it using the killall [program] command. You can view active processes and kill them if necessary via top. Typing k and then the PID of the process you can kill that process. This isn’t always the case, so you many need to do killall -9 [command].
# The man command can be used before any command you wish to learn about. For example, man apt-get will list the man pages. To exit the man pages and go back to the terminal press q.

You can manage system packages via the apt-get command. Here are a few to keep handy…
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install [package name]
sudo apt-get remove [package name]

You can search for packages to install via packages.ubuntu.com.
# pwd tells you what directory you are in (print working directory), cd changes the directory, cd , goes back up (out) a directory, ls lists the contents of a directory, nano is a simple text editor while more and less are simple text viewers, unzip unzips zip archives, tar is a valuable decompression tool, ./ executes some files (eg., *.sh files), other programs can be accessed by typing their name such as firefox.
# Here are some more important commands.
# If you need to switch between Java installations use
sudo update-alternatives –config java

My final thoughts,

Linux proponents loudly celebrate Linux's increasing importance in the world of software. It's true that Linux has made great strides in becoming a standard part of the computing landscape, but it has made far more inroads into the Unix space than into the Windows desktop space. Despite that, there's simply no doubt that the desktop—and Microsoft—are the current target of many open source software projects. These projects are conceived, executed, and extended to compete with Microsoft's desktop applications. But they are currently fighting a losing battle as far as most users are concerned.

To compete successfully, Linux needs a standardized platform and robust installation mechanisms so that users can choose software on its merits, without worrying about whether the software they want works on their particular Linux flavor or GUI choice.

As a first step, open source proponents should band together to create a standardized Linux/GUI combination as a single platform for application development targeted toward average users with the goal of removing barriers to generalized adoption. Doing so would not remove or limit choice for more advanced Linux users. Vendors and open source projects would be free to choose to support the standard or not, just as they please. Freedom of choice is not incompatible with the concept of providing a standard platform. Applications that meet the standard would:

*

be guaranteed to work on the defined standard platform
*

have an install program that automated all modifications to the target machine and provided reasonable and intelligent default settings
*

have an uninstall program that removed the software but would not affect any data produced with the software
*

would interoperate (where appropriate) with other standard applications
*

would include the ability for users to manually or automatically upgrade their applications to the latest stable release version

Any such group should immediately implement comprehensive end-user testing and make the results available to the open source community. A project that builds on and augments the existing Free Standards Group recommendation, the Linux Standard Base (LSB) project, might be a good first step. The LSB provides tests and documentation so that organizations can certify their Linux application binaries as compatible with a specified binary standard.

The LSB project doesn't address GUI concerns, and perhaps it shouldn't. After all, not all applications require a GUI. But those that do need some way to provide assurance to users that the software will run on their systems. Until that happens, average users aren't likely to get very excited about either Linux or open source.

Special thanks to Odubanjo Bolarinwa

Saturday, 14 June 2014

How to root your Android phone or tablet

How to root your Android phone or tablet

how-to-guidesIs the allure of being a superuser tempting you? Android rooting opens up a world of possibility, but it can also void your warranty, or even leave you with a bricked device. The important thing is to be careful. Read up about what you are going to do before you begin. Make sure that you backup your data. Follow the instructions to the letter. Manufacturers and carriers have a vested interest in dissuading you from rooting. If you’re careful, the risk is minimal, and the potential benefits are impressive. Let’s take a closer look.
Updated on 12-10-2013 by Simon: Updated preparation section, added unlock bootloader links, added link to rooted apps, and link to video on HTC One rooting process.

What is rooting?

If you’re an Administrator on a Windows machine, you have access to the entire operating system and you can do whatever you like. That’s essentially what happens if you root your Android device. With root access, you can get around any restrictions that your manufacturer or carrier may have applied. You can run more apps; you can customize your device to a greater degree; and you can potentially speed it up in a variety of ways.
The process involves backing up your current software and then flashing (installing) a new custom ROM (modified version of Android).

Why would you root?

One of the most obvious incentives to root your Android device is to rid yourself of the bloatware that’s impossible to uninstall. You’ll be able to set up wireless tethering, even if it has been disabled by default. You can also access your entire file system, install special apps that require a root, and flash custom ROMs, which can add extra features and streamline your phone or tablet’s performance. A lot of people are tempted by the ability to completely customize the look of their phones. You can also manually accept or deny app permissions.
You won’t find a lot of amazing must-have apps when you root, but there are enough to make it worthwhile. For example, some apps allow you to automatically backup all of your apps and all of their data, completely block advertisements, create secure tunnels to the Internet, overclock your processor, or make your device a wireless hotspot. Check out our list of the best apps for rooted Android phones and tablets for some ideas.

Why wouldn’t you root?

There are essentially three potential cons to rooting your Android.
  • Voiding your warranty: Some manufacturers or carriers will use rooting as an excuse to void your warranty. It’s worth keeping in mind that you can always unroot. If you need to send the device back for repair, simply flash the original backup ROM you made and no one will ever know that it was rooted.
  • Bricking your phone: Whenever you tamper too much, you run at least a small risk of bricking your device. This is the big fear everyone has. The obvious way to avoid it happening is to follow instructions carefully. Make sure that the guide you are following works for your device and that any custom ROM you flash is designed specifically for it. If you do your research and pay attention to feedback from others, bricking should never occur.
  • Security risks: Rooting may introduce some security risks. Depending on what services or apps you use on your device, rooting could create a security vulnerability. For example, Google refuses to support the Google Wallet service for rooted devices.

How to root your Android

Before you actually try to root your device, make sure that you do some reading. The best place to find discussions about rooting, guides, and custom ROMs is definitely the XDA Developers Forum. Look for a thread on your specific device and you’re sure to find a method that has worked for other people. It’s worth spending some time researching the right method for your device.

Preparation for root

Back up everything that’s important to you before you start. You should also always back up your current ROM before you flash a new one.
You’ll want to ensure that your device is fully charged before you begin. You’ll also need to turn USB debugging on. On the Galaxy S3 you’ll find it in Menu > Settings > Developer options and then check the box next to USB debugging. You will likely be plugging your device into your computer in order to root it.
Most Android rooting methods require you to install some software on your computer. It’s likely you’ll need to install the Android SDK. You may find other software is required. Make sure you follow the instructions and install all of it before proceeding.

Unlock your bootloader

You will also need to unlock your bootloader before you begin and the process for that is different depending on your device. The bootloader is just what it sounds like; it basically determines how the operating system loads up on your device. As manufacturers have seen a real demand for customization many of them have provided methods to help you unlock the bootloader, though they are generally provided for developers, and they usually require you to sign up or register an account first.
Some manufacturers and carriers don’t allow bootloader unlocking, but you can often find a way around that with some searching (try the XDA Developers forum).

One-click rooting

One of the easiest methods of rooting, which also supports a long list of devices, is SuperOneClick. You’ll find clear instructions, including a video, on how to use it at this XDA Developers SuperOneClick thread.
You will need to install some software to prepare, but the actual rooting process is one click. It will only take a few minutes to complete and then you’ll need to restart your Android device.
There is software out there that claims to provide one click rooting with no extra installs, but you should not have to pay to root your device and it’s very important to be wary about the method you choose. If in doubt, do more research. The XDA Developers forum is the most trustworthy source for rooting guides.

Your specific device

The reason rooting isn’t more straightforward is that all Android devices are not created equal. There are significant differences between Android smartphones, between manufacturers, and even between carrier specific versions of the same phone model. Make sure that any rooting guide or custom ROM you intend to use does support your specific device or you are asking for trouble.
Once you have found the right guide for your phone or tablet, it’s simply a case of working through the listed steps methodically. It can be a complicated procedure and it can take a while. Here’s an example guide for rooting the Samsung Galaxy S3. It can appear intimidating at first glance, but provided you follow it step-by-step, it should be a pain-free process. You can post questions in the XDA Developers forum if you run into trouble. Here’s a great video guide on how to root the HTC One.

To root or not to root

Gaining full root access to your Android device can be thrilling, especially if you want to tinker with settings and customize your device. How much it changes your experience depends largely on the device you have. If you have a shuttered device, like a Kindle Fire tablet, then it’s a great way to get the full Android experience.
The potential benefits for all Android users include improved battery life, root-only apps, custom ROMs, overclocking, an end to bloatware, improved performance, and the ability to upgrade your phone when you want. If you aren’t excited at the prospect of any of these things, rooting probably isn’t for you.
Have you tried rooting your Android? Did you have a positive experience? Would you recommend rooting to others, or do you think it’s pointless? Post a comment and share your thoughts.

Monday, 9 June 2014

Careers That Pay Much Higher Than Minimum Wage

Careers That Pay Much Higher Than Minimum Wage Without A Bachelor's

High-pay Jobs, No Bachelor's Needed

Think you're doomed to a minimum wage career because you don't have a bachelor's degree? Think again.

By Odubanjo Bolarinwa
Recently, the President of the United States made headlines with his slogan, "It's time to give America a raise." He's talking about raising the federal minimum wage, and many think it's a good idea, while others think it's a sure way to kill jobs.
Beyond the politics, if you're working for the current federal minimum wage - $7.25 per hour - you're probably in dire need of higher pay. Why? Because at that rate, you could work a 40-hour week for a year and only make $15,080 for 52 weeks of labor.
Oh, yeah, you'll definitely need a raise. But perhaps you don't have the time or lifestyle that will allow you to earn a bachelor's degree. Not a problem. Because there are plenty of jobs that pay triple the minimum wage ($21.75 an hour or more) and don't require a bachelor's degree. Read on to get the lowdown on seven of them.

Career #1: Computer User Support Specialist

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$22.41
Median Annual Salary*
$46,620
Ready to pursue a career that could help you work towards better financial stability, but doesn't demand years of schooling to do it? If you have the desire to help people understand technology, too, then computer user support specialist could be the right role for you.
According to the U.S. Department of Labor, these specialists provide technical assistance to computer users, answering questions or resolving problems in person, over the telephone, or electronically.
Schooling Needed: If you're not interested in being stuck in school forever, how about a degree that could be completed in as little as two years? According to the Department of Labor, computer user support specialist jobs require some computer knowledge, but not necessarily a post-secondary degree. More technical positions are likely to require a degree in a field such as computer science, information science, or engineering.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Computer Science Program.
Why It Pays: "Businesses in every sector of the economy rely heavily on efficiently running computer systems, so they need a vast array of computer specialists to support their networks. It's often the difference between success and failure, so these workers are in demand and get paid accordingly," says Nicole Williams, a career expert for LinkedIn.

Career #3: Police Officer

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$26.99
Median Annual Salary*
$56,130
As a police officer, you could keep the streets safe while earning good pay for your hard work. Police officers patrol areas, respond to calls from citizens, and of course enforce the law, says the U.S. Department of Labor. They also arrest suspects, prepare cases for court, and testify.
Schooling Needed: Rather get street smart than school smart? Depending on where you apply, that might not be a problem. Police officers must have at least a high school diploma or GED and graduate from their agency's training academy, notes the Department of Labor. Additionally, many agencies and police departments may also require some college coursework or a degree.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Criminal Justice Program.
Why It Pays: "Police officers are asked to potentially risk their lives to protect the rest of us, often in less than ideal weather or other conditions. For that, they get and deserve to be paid pretty well," says Williams. She says they also must think quickly and deal with people in very stressful situations, which takes many unique skills and is another reason for their relatively high pay.

Career #4: Web Developer

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$30.37
Median Annual Salary*
$63,160
When you surf the web, do you feel inspired to create your own websites? Well, that job could be more within reach than you think. Web developers design and build websites for all sorts of clients, says the U.S. Department of Labor. They are responsible not only for the look of the website, but its functionality.
Schooling Needed: The bad news: You'll need to do more than just spend 12 hours a day on the internet to land this job. The good news: You don't necessarily need a bachelor's, either. The Department of Labor says that web developers typically have an associate's degree in web design or a related field, along with knowledge of programming and graphic design.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Programming & Software Program.
Why It Pays: "Social media may be what everyone is talking about, but every business still needs a good website," says Susan Heathfield, a management consultant and author of About.com's Guide to Human Resources. Web developers get paid well, because companies are in a constant pattern of updating and enhancing their existing websites. "People who specialize in this will never be out of business," she says.

Career #5: Registered Nurse

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$31.84
Median Annual Salary*
$66,220
If you've ever been sick or injured and needed the care of a nurse, you won't balk at the fact that registered nurses earn more than quadruple the minimum wage.
Nurses work in a wide variety of areas, from small clinics to large hospitals, says the U.S. Department of Labor. They do everything from administering medicines and treatments to teaching patients and their families how to manage illness or injury.
Schooling Needed: You can pursue this highly paid job by taking one of three routes. You can earn either an associate's or bachelor's degree in nursing or a diploma from an accredited nursing program, says the Department of Labor. Additionally, registered nurses must be licensed.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Nursing Program.
Why It Pays: "Nursing is a very demanding job that you have to be dedicated to go into. There is no easy nursing job, so it tends to demand good pay," says Deb Hornell, a management consultant with 25 years of experience and author of "Good Things for a Full Life." She says that the doctors and hospitals know that nurses are performing an integral job in the vital field of health care, so their pay reflects that respect.

Career #6: Diagnostic Medical Sonographer

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$31.93
Median Annual Salary*
$66,410
You don't need to spend long, intensive years in medical school to work in a medical field. Sonographers use special equipment to create images of patients' vital organs and tissue in order to help doctors diagnose disease, or even check on the health or sex of an unborn child, says the U.S. Department of Labor.
Schooling Needed: No M.D.s needed here. According to the Department of Labor, diagnostic medical sonographers need an associate's degree or certificate in sonography. Employers usually prefer applicants with degrees and certificates from accredited institutes.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Sonography Program.
Why It Pays: There are a few reasons that these medical professionals tend to be paid well. First, it takes a unique set of qualities and skills to do this job well, such as a calmness that can put patients at ease during what can be a stressful diagnostic procedure, says Williams. "They also have to be trained to use very expensive, important equipment key to diagnosing many major health conditions," she says.

Career #7: Dental Hygienist

Find Degree Programs
Median Hourly Wage*
$34.19
Median Annual Salary*
$71,110
Believe it or not, there's a good chance that the person who cleans your teeth every six months (okay, year) makes more than you.
On top of cleaning teeth, the U.S. Department of Labor says dental hygienists check for oral diseases and educate patients about good oral health (that's the part where they tell you you need to floss more).
Schooling Needed: Nope, you don't need to drudge through years upon years of dental school to get on the painless side of the dentist's chair. According to the Department of Labor, dental hygienists usually need an associate's degree in dental hygiene, which could take as little as two years to complete. On top of that, all states require them to be licensed, while other requirements vary.
Next step: Click to Find the Right Dental Hygiene Program.
Why It Pays: Dental hygiene is a huge, growing field, partly because of the aging population and its emphasis on oral health, says Heathfield. And this occupation often pays per patient serviced, so dental hygienists have the opportunity to earn high pay as their client base grows, she says.
*All wage information from the U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Employment and Wages data, May 2013.

The Best Websites for Free Online Courses, Certificates, Degrees, and Educational Resources.

The Best Websites for Free Online Courses, Certificates, Degrees, and Educational Resources.

Contact: Odubanjo Bolarinwa Lington on +2348094994773 for more information and support.

00_lead_image_college_class

Have you thought about expanding your knowledge by taking some courses? There are several colleges and other sites that offer free online courses, certificate programs, some degree programs, and education resources for teachers and professors.

MIT OpenCourseWare

MIT OpenCourseWare offers free lecture notes, exams, and videos from classes at MIT. OpenCourseWare (OCW) was proposed by the MIT faculty in 2000 and they have been publishing educational materials from their courses freely and openly on the Internet since the first proof-of-concept site in 2002, containing 50 courses. By November 2007, MIT had published almost the entire curriculum, over 1,800 courses in 33 academic disciplines.
No registration is required to take advantage of these educational materials.
01_mit_ocw

 

OpenCourseWare (OCW) Consortium

The OpenCourseWare (OCW) Consortium is a free and openly licensed digital publication of high quality college and university‐level educational materials organized as courses. These courses often include course planning materials and evaluation tools and are accessible to anyone, anytime online.
02_ocw_consortium

 

edX

EdX is a joint, not-for-profit partnership between The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University to offer MIT and Harvard classes online for free to millions of people around the world. The first set of courses will be announced in the summer and will begin in the Fall 2012.
From the edX website:
EdX is based on MITx, a technological platform from MIT designed to offer online versions of their courses. These versions include: video lessons, embedded testing, real-time feedback, student-ranked questions and answers, collaborative web-based laboratories, and student paced learning.
03_edx

 

Open Yale Courses

The Open Yale Courses website provides free and open access to a selection of introductory courses taught by distinguished teachers and scholars at Yale University. The lectures were recorded in the Yale College classrooms and are available in video, audio, and text transcript formats. You are not required to register for online classes. However, you will NOT receive course credit, a degree, or a certificate.
04_open_yale_courses

 

The Open University

The Open University (OU) provides high-quality university education online to anyone. Nearly all of the undergraduate courses they offer do not require prior qualifications or experience.
The OU has developed their own style of distance learning called “supported open learning.” That means you, as a student, can work wherever you choose and plan your study around your other commitments. You receive support from a tutor or online forum and have contact with other students in your own region or online. You also have access to student advisors and study facilities in your own region.
05_open_university

 

FreeEdNet

FreeEdNet is a collection of various courses, tutorials, and learning materials available on the web, including some the people at FreeEdNet are developing themselves. The courses are free and, normally, there is no sign-up. Simply find a course and start working on it.
NOTE: FreeEdNet is not intended to replace your formal education at a reputable, degree-granting school. Use FreeEdNet to review material you previously learned in school, prepare for a job or school placement exams, extend your vocational skills, or even learn more theoretical information about your work, hobby, or special interest.
06_free_ed_net

 

Advance Learning Interactive Systems Online (ALISON)

ALISON provides high-quality, engaging, interactive multimedia courseware for certification and standards-based learning free to the individual learner. You can learn anywhere using their interactive, self-paced multimedia.
Nominal fees are charged for the use of the ALISON Manager, a service that allows teachers, trainers, tutors, and HR managers to easily and effectively oversee, manage, and report on the online learning of groups of students. However, if you are an individual learner, you do not need to create a group or become a member of a group. Simply begin your study by clicking on a course of your choice.
07_alison

 

Online Education Database

The Online Education Database (OEDB) has compiled 200 online courses from big universities, such as MIT, Yale, and Tufts. You can take classes from these universities without having to submit an application or pay any tuition.
08_oedb

 

Annenberg Learner

Annenberg Learner provides free multimedia resources to help teachers increase their expertise in their fields and assist them in improving their teaching methods, thereby advancing excellent teaching in American schools. The professional development of K-12 teachers is supported through the distribution of educational video programs with coordinated Web and print materials.
09_annenberg_learner

 

University of the People

University of the People is a tuition-free, non-profit institution that provides online education to individuals all over the world. The University does not charge you to take classes, for any reading and other study materials, or for annual enrollment.
NOTE: In order to remain sustainable, the University of the People does charge small processing fees for application and examination processing.
10_university_of_the_people

 

Webcasts at UC Berkeley

UC Berkeley offers a central campus service, called webcast.berkeley, for recording and publishing course and campus events for students at UC Berkeley, as well as for learners around the globe. Since 2001, webcast.berkeley has now made over 16,000 hours of content available on the site for UC Berkeley students and for the world as a whole.
11_webcast_berkeley

 

Open Culture

Open Culture is a website that focuses on educational media collected from other sites. Download free courses from universities in MP3 format, as well as language lessons as podcasts and a variety of other podcasts that cover subjects such as technology, travel, music, science, and more. You can also find audiobooks, movies, and eBooks on the site.
12_open_culture

 

GCFLearnFree

GCFLearnFree provides free, quality, innovative online learning, in over 750 different lessons, for anyone who wants to improve their technology, literacy, and math skills. You can learn what you want, when you want. View one tutorial or complete a whole class.
13_gcf_learn_free

 

Google Code University

Google Code University has gathered a large collection of educational materials to help you learn how to program, whether you want to learn how to program in C++, Java, or Python, or program your website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. There is also course content contributed by other industries and academic institutions to help teach subjects such as Android programming and Web programming to people all over the world. You can find tutorials and introductions, courses on advanced or specialized topics, recorded video lectures and talks, and courses with problem sets and exercises at GCU.

14_google_code_university